Research on Perceptions of Cervical Cancer and Screening

Research on Perceptions of Cervical Cancer and Screening RESULT A total of 578 participants out of 584 were included in the study giving response rate of 98.97%. The participants age were between the range of 17 and 38 years with mean age (Â ± SD) of 20.45 Â ±1.79 and the highest number between 20 and 24 years. More than half (61.8%) of the participants come from rural area and more than three quarter were single by marital status. Almost all (90.5%) participants were orthodox by religion. Regarding to the field of study 36% were from Business and Economics College and 39.4% from Natural and Computational Science. Nearly half (46%) were from first year students. The main sources of information used by the participants were internet in 36.5% and radio and TV in 21.9%. Reproductive History Among the participants, 84(14.5%) had sexual intercourse before the study with the mean age of the first sexual debut 18.21Â ±2.8 years. Of the participants who have started sexual intercourse, 77(91.7%) had one partner and 61.9% did not used condom during their sexual intercourse. Among the sexually active participants 15(17.9%) had history of pregnancy. Moreover, 453(81.2%) of the participants had heard about STIs and 28(5%) had history of STI. Eight (1.4%) of participants had family death from cancer. Knowledge about Cervical cancer Two hundred thirty two (40.5%) of the study participants had heard of cervical cancer. Of those who had heard, 134(58%) had heard from mass media followed by 44(19.0%) from health institutions. About 448(79.4%), 348 (61.5%) and 379(67.1%) of the participants did not knew the etiology, mode of transmission and the symptoms of cervical cancer respectively but only 66(11.7%) and 163(28.8%) of the participants knew as cervical cancer is caused by HPV and transmitted by sexual intercourse respectively. Similarly, only 172(30.4%) and 74(13.1%) of the participants knew multiple partners and early sexual debut as risk factor of cervical cancer respectively. Furthermore, 215(38.1%), 117(20.7%) and 110(19.5%) of the participants knew screening, vaccination and avoiding having many partners as prevention methods of cervical cancer. However, 213(37.7%) and 89(16%) of the participants did not knew any risk factors and prevention methods of cervical cancer respectively. Generally, 195(35.6%) of th e participants had good knowledge towards cervical cancer. Factors associated with knowledge of cervical cancer All sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive history and sources of information were assessed for the presence of association with knowledge of cervical cancer. Age, College, marital status, year of study, use of TV, use of radio and TV, starting sexual intercourse, information on STI and history of STI were shown an association in bivariate analysis. But after adjusting for confounding at multivariable analysis, using radio and TV as a source of information and information on STI were the predictor factors that remained significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer. Participants who were using radio and TV as source of information were almost 2 times more likely to have good knowledge on cervical cancer as compare to those who did not use radio and TV[AOR 1.914(95% CI 1.220, 3.002)]. Moreover, participants who have heard about STI were also 3 times more likely to have good knowledge than their counter parts [AOR 3.017 (95% CI 1.658, 5.492)] (Table 3). Perception towards cervical cancer and screening Students perception about cervical cancer and its screening was assessed using the perception pillars of health belief model. Accordingly, 185 (33.2%) of the participants were believed that the chance of acquiring cervical cancer is high and 474 (85%) of the participants perceived as cervical cancer is a sever disease while 369 (65.2%) believed as cervical cancer is curable disease. despite three quarter (74.5%) of the participants believed that cervical screening can prevent cervical cancer only 5(0.9%) were screened for cervical cancer. The main reasons cited for not screening were lack of information in 276(55.6%) and fear not to be infected in 96(19.4%) respectively.

A Change of Heart About Animals

Name: Amr Mohamed El Sayed Teacher: Ghada el Shimi A Change Of Heart About Animals Breakthroughs in biotechnology, nanotechnology, and more universal questions like the age of our universe, inside the lab a bigger story is revealed, one which will influence how we think forever. The researchers are finding that many of zoo animals we visit have a lot of common human traits, more than one may think.Ironically, companies that invested in these projects are fast food companies, which conduct research into the emotional, mental, and behavioral states of our fellow creatures. Research on pigs' social behavior funded by McDonald's at Purdue University, for instance, has found that pigs want to be cared for, and are easily depressed if left alone or denied playtime with each other. Germany’s government is urging pig farmers to give each pig 20 seconds of human contact everyday for nurturing purposes.Researchers were amazed more recently, with the discovery of the extent to which New Caledonian crows, attain conceptual abilities, Jeremy Rifkin said â€Å"In controlled experiments, scientists at Oxford University reported that two birds named Betty and Abel were given a choice between using two tools, one a straight wire, the other a hooked wire, to snag a piece of meat from inside a tube. † Self-awareness is another aspect, which raises the question of whether these animals’ inferiority affects their mentality.Philosophers and animal behaviorists’ perspectives on these issues are quarreling and confusing, they have long argued that animals lack a sense of self. Rifkin stated that â€Å"Elephants will often stand next to their dead kin for days, occasionally touching their bodies with their trunks,† proving that sense of self and mortality. Recent studies in brain chemistry have found that when rats play, their brains release large amounts of dopamine, a neurochemical associated with â€Å"pleasure and excitement in human beings. â₠¬  Scientists are still advancing the vision that most animals ehave by innate instinct, and what is viewed to be learned behavior, is nothing more than genetics. We are now finding that learning is passed on from ancestor to offspring more often than not, and that most animals engage in all kinds of â€Å"learned experience brought on by continued experimentation. † Harvard and 25 other U. S. law schools have introduced university level courses on animal rights, the numbers of animal rights lawsuits being filed around the world, are increasing at an exponential rate. In fact, Germany recently became the first nation to guarantee animal rights in its constitution.

Save the Earth

Driving a car is the most air polluting act an average citizen commits. Air pollution is not a good idea for a variety of reasons, large and small. The right ideas for remediation of environmental degradations involve unselfish and compassionate behavior, a scarce commodity. The right ideas involve long-term planning, conservation and a deep commitment to preserving the natural world. Without a healthy natural environment, there will be few or no healthy humans. To understand air pollution you can consider a simple schematic that divides a big problem into components. 1. Local effects -e. g. poisoning humans breathing bad air. 2. Regional effects – fallout from airborne pathogens – infections, particles, chemicals. 3. Global effects – changing interactions between the atmosphere and sun, weather effects, effects on plants and oceans. Developments in the media made â€Å"green† the slogan for action to limit the adverse effects of air pollution. The media often suggested that this is a relatively new consensus that there is an environmental crisis. They excused people who have ignored the effect of greenhouse gases on climates over the past 40 years. Some know what is really going on out there, but most people do not know or know but deny the obvious for selfish reasons. Green refers to the color of chlorophyll in plants. Chlorophyll is the basis of photosynthesis that allows plants to turn the sun's energy into life energy. Human action destroys plants and replaces healthy ecosystems with concrete and asphalt. Another slogan that emerged was â€Å"save planet earth. † Humans will not save the planet. The task for humans is to stop destroying the environments that sustain us. If we fail, the planet will do just fine without us. Save the Earth Driving a car is the most air polluting act an average citizen commits. Air pollution is not a good idea for a variety of reasons, large and small. The right ideas for remediation of environmental degradations involve unselfish and compassionate behavior, a scarce commodity. The right ideas involve long-term planning, conservation and a deep commitment to preserving the natural world. Without a healthy natural environment, there will be few or no healthy humans. To understand air pollution you can consider a simple schematic that divides a big problem into components. 1. Local effects -e. g. poisoning humans breathing bad air. 2. Regional effects – fallout from airborne pathogens – infections, particles, chemicals. 3. Global effects – changing interactions between the atmosphere and sun, weather effects, effects on plants and oceans. Developments in the media made â€Å"green† the slogan for action to limit the adverse effects of air pollution. The media often suggested that this is a relatively new consensus that there is an environmental crisis. They excused people who have ignored the effect of greenhouse gases on climates over the past 40 years. Some know what is really going on out there, but most people do not know or know but deny the obvious for selfish reasons. Green refers to the color of chlorophyll in plants. Chlorophyll is the basis of photosynthesis that allows plants to turn the sun's energy into life energy. Human action destroys plants and replaces healthy ecosystems with concrete and asphalt. Another slogan that emerged was â€Å"save planet earth. † Humans will not save the planet. The task for humans is to stop destroying the environments that sustain us. If we fail, the planet will do just fine without us.

Interview with Aristotle - 1436 Words

An Interview with Aristotle on Requiem for a Dream Interviewer: Hello Aristotle. My name is Christina Dodson. It is an honor and a privilege to get to meet you. I will be interviewing you today about a movie you just recently watched called, Requiem for a Dream. Let’s take a second to refresh ourselves with the movie, shall we? Aristotle: Why, that sounds lovely. I wouldnt mind a little freshening up to help get the creative juices flowing. Interviewer: Well good! I would be delighted to take you back through the highlights of Requiem for a Dream. So, let’s begin†¦In this movie there are two parallel stories that are told. One of those stories is about Mrs. Susan Goldfarb, who is a lonely, widowed mother, living in Coney Island –†¦show more content†¦What would you say about Harry’s character? Aristotle: I would say that Harry’s character was very tainted and distorted. His only motivation was brought on by his very own pleasure and pain, which is not in sync with any moral or ethical virtues. â€Å"There is nothing by doing which a son will have done the equivalent of what he has received, so that he is always in debt. For no one could ever return to them (his mom) the equivalent of what he gets, but the man who serves them with the utmost or his power is thought to be a good man.† That is not to be said about Harry. Interviewer: Harry has a â€Å"Dynamite† dream, a vision of a better life that stems from scoring some really good dope, cutting it, and then redistributing it in order to better himself financially and to get off the streets so he can stop stealing from his mom. He also wants to better his mom’s situation, his girlfriend’s situation, and his best friend/using buddies situation. In Harry’s mind he’s doing something good. How do you feel about Harry’s intentions and his dream? 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